Articles on IP, DNS, VPNs and online privacy

Clear, technical-but-readable guides on how the internet identifies you — and what you can do about it.

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  8 min read

  What is an IP, ASN, DNS and PTR? A plain-English guide

  Understand the building blocks of the internet: IP addresses, DNS, reverse DNS (PTR), and ASNs — and what each one reveals about you.

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  10 min read

  How to hide your IP with a VPN or proxy — and when it actually helps

  VPNs and proxies, how they differ, when they protect you, when they don't, and how to verify your setup with our IP and leak test.

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  11 min read

  How your IP is detected and leaked: user agents, fingerprints and WebRTC

  How websites identify your real IP and device, the most common IP leaks, what the User-Agent header reveals, and the privacy consequences.

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